The explosive growth of China's photovoltaic installed capacity has made the technology competition among various photovoltaic companies increasingly fierce. What technologies can lead the future in the future photovoltaic market?
At present, the PERC technology (Passivated Emitter Rear Cell, emitter and back passivation battery technology), which has received much industry attention, is undoubtedly the leader in the industry. With the drive of the national high-efficiency leader project and the demand for high-power components in the downstream market, PERC production capacity has expanded rapidly. Some experts predict that by 2020, PERC's entire production capacity will reach 65 GW, and shipments will account for 50% of the entire market.
In terms of mass production conversion efficiency, the polycrystalline PERC is 19.5%, while the monocrystalline PERC is as high as 21%, and many excellent companies are constantly refreshing records. In industrial production, single crystal PERC production lines with high efficiency can reach more than 21.5%, and single crystal PERC has become the most attractive technical solution.
However, PERC's decay has always been a concern and concern of people in the industry. Does single crystal PERC solve the attenuation problem? Is power generation performance more dominant? What kind of components should be selected in the future photovoltaic market?
On July 22, at the 'PERC Technology Trends and Development Forum' site, many well-known experts conducted in-depth exchanges on the above topics. Let us listen to the in-depth analysis of the big coffee people to help you solve your doubts.
Wang Wenjing, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences: The single crystal PERC attenuation problem has been solved, and the polycrystalline PERC is still unclear
The use of PERC technology puts forward higher requirements on the internal quality of the battery. Now it is not a battle between monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon, it is a battle between high quality and low quality.
At present, the single crystal PERC attenuation problem has been solved; the polycrystalline PERC attenuation is related to temperature, the reason is unclear, there are some suppression methods, and large-scale application still has challenges;
PERC puts forward higher requirements on the quality of silicon wafers. The leading level of PERC battery industrialization efficiency reaches 21.5%, which will increase towards 22%, which will create upward and downward challenges: N-type silicon PERT cells have solved the background of attenuation in single crystal PERC Under the lack of competitiveness, technologies such as HIT need to be at least 24% or more, and the share of ordinary P-type full-field batteries will decrease.
PERC will become mainstream in the next three to five years. These issues need to be noted: first, it must be highly efficient, but the cost cannot be high; second, it is silicon material, and now the solar cell passivation is doing well, slurry After doing so well, the quality of PERC batteries is getting higher and higher; third, the quality of silicon wafers must be improved.
Polysilicon has to move forward, but what kind of development is this is something that people who are engaged in technology should do. Coupled with various technologies, the efficiency of single crystal PERC is likely to increase to 24%. Now that technological developments will surprise technical experts, PERC batteries are still promising for greater development.
Liu Haitao, Photovoltaic Testing Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences: Monocrystalline PERC shows advantages in power generation performance
Everyone is very concerned about the power generation of PERC battery modules. Regardless of any new technology, when it is mass-promoted, it depends on whether it has the advantage of generating electricity compared to other materials. So, how to do the assessment of power generation?
From October 2016 to April this year, at the Qinghai Republican Demonstration Base, we conducted research on some new types of components. When the different months of October, November and December change, the power generation effect of nine kinds of components under low light is given. Component performance evaluation is an important difference, it can give us the difference with the change of sunlight intensity. Outdoor test results show that single crystal PERC modules show certain advantages in power generation performance.
Datong CLP Power Generation Company Duan Tao: Monocrystalline PERC can generate 2.61% more power
Datong CLP’s 100MWp photovoltaic power generation project is one of the “leader” projects of the National Advanced Technology Photovoltaic Demonstration Base. The components used are monocrystalline PERC products, and the inverters are selected from box-type and string-type inverters. The devices are all domestic first-line brands.
As of June 18, 2016, the cumulative power generation for the first year of the project totaled 168.81 million KWh; the project utilization hours reached 1636 hours; the project system efficiency measured up to 84.53%, the same scale to achieve domestic advanced level. The project's power generation stability ranks first in photovoltaic projects in Shanxi Province, and the project won the China Power Quality Project Award. Empirical evidence shows that single crystal PERC can generate 2.61% more electricity.
In the future, the demand for photovoltaic power plant modules will increase, the PERC module production capacity will also increase rapidly, and the price difference from conventional products will continue to shrink. PERC single crystal multi-generation power generation is 2.61%, which is a real benefit for customers. With the large-scale application of large bases, new technologies and new materials, PERC component products will be more widely used.
China Electric Apparatus Institute Zeng Xiangan: Monocrystalline PERC has the best comprehensive power generation
PERC single crystal components have these characteristics: higher power generation than conventional components, better low-irradiation performance, better power temperature coefficient, and less attenuation in the first year.
The PERC single crystal module and many other different types of modules were tested in different outdoor environments to study their true performance changes. The conclusions drawn are: In the Sanya test site, the PERC single crystal sample system has a daily DC throughout the test period The specific power generation, daily average DC PR and daily average AC specific power generation and daily average AC PR are slightly higher than those of the other three sample systems;
At the Turpan test site, the PERC single crystal sample system's daily average DC specific power generation, daily average DC PR, daily average AC specific power generation, and daily average AC PR were slightly higher than those of the other three sample systems. high.
The sample string systems of the two test sites are within the range of each radiance. The cumulative DC specific power generation of the PERC single crystal sample system is basically slightly higher than that of the other three sample systems. In terms of the working temperature of the module surface, the monthly average temperature of the Sanya sample module is sorted: basically all PERC single crystal sample modules
Huang Jingsheng, China Electric Power Research Institute: The power generation time of single crystal PERC is 2.8% higher than conventional.
In the Datong leader base, according to our statistical caliber, there are so many components: single crystal accounted for 63%, polycrystalline accounted for 37%, the routes involved in technology are: conventional, single crystal conventional, single crystal +perc , Single crystal + double glass, single crystal + N-type + double glass double-sided, polycrystalline conventional, polycrystalline + black silicon, polycrystalline + no gate, polycrystalline + black silicon + double glass, some of the components are used in comparison less.
We have done power generation statistics for the past two months. Because of the influence of module power, the power generation of modules with larger single crystal power is obviously more. We also calculated the duration of power generation, and it is obvious that the single crystal PERC has obvious advantages over conventional components. I calculated it. The average value of the conventional components is 304.96 according to the duration, and the PERC is 313.73, which is 2.8% higher than the conventional components.